Abstract: The aim was to evaluate the effect of dietary addition of a polyherbal phytogenic (Animunin) on the productive performance and blood biochemistry in finishing lambs. Forty Hampshire × Suffolk males lambs (initial body weight 26.52 ± 2.13 kg) were allocated according to a completely randomized design in four treatments. Treatments consisted of dietary inclusion of the Animunin at 0, 1, 2, and 3 g kg-1 dry matter (DM). Animunin addition was not modified (p > 0.05) the productive performance, DM intake, backfat thickness, chop area, energy and protein metabolites, or liver enzymes. While hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocytes showed a quadratic response (p ≤ 0.05) with Animunin. The polyherbal phytogenic evaluated did not improve lamb’s productive performance and metabolites related with immune response.

Resumen: El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la adición dietaría de un fitogénico poliherbal (Animunin) sobre el comportamiento productivo y la bioquímica sanguínea en corderos. Se utilizaron 40 corderos machos Hampshire × Suffolk con peso vivo inicial de 26.52 ± 2.13 kg, distribuidos en un diseño completamente al azar en cuatro tratamientos. Los tratamientos fueron la inclusión de Animunin a 0, 1, 2 y 3 g kg-1 de materia seca (MS). La adición de Animunin no modifico (p > 0.05) el comportamiento productivo, el consumo de MS, el espesor de grasa dorsal, el área de la chuleta, los metabolitos energéticos y proteicos, o las enzimas hepáticas. Mientras que el hematocrito, la hemoglobina y los eritrocitos mostraron una respuesta cuadrática (p ≤ 0.05) a la adición de Animunin. El fitogénico poliherbal no mejoró el comportamiento productivo ni los metabolitos relacionados con la respuesta inmune de corderos.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance, apparent digestibility, and carcass and longissimus dorsi muscle characteristics of lambs fed diets supplemented with four levels of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Thirty-two male Hampshire lambs (25.82±1.95 kg body weight) were distributed in four treatments: basal diet (20:80, forage:concentrate), and the inclusion of 0, 3, 5, and 10 g animal−1 d−1Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The variables evaluated were dry matter intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion, apparent digestibility, dorsal fat thickness, longissimus dorsi muscle area, and physicochemical characteristics of carcass and muscle. We used a completely randomized design and orthogonal polynomials to test the linear and quadratic effects of the inclusion levels of the yeast. Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed a quadratic effect on lamb performance. Dry matter intake decreased with yeast in response to a better feed conversion and body weight gain; however, at the highest Saccharomyces cerevisiae dose, daily weight gain and final weight were lower than with the basal diet treatment. Saccharomyces cerevisiae did not affect apparent digestibility or carcass and muscle physicochemical characteristics. Supplementation with 3 and 5 g d−1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae improves productive performance of lambs fed high concentrate diets without affecting the physicochemical characteristics of the carcass or muscle.

Abstract The importance of conducting studies on the use of hydroponic green corn fodder (HGCF) is because, the productive and economic impact on the feeding of pigs in the region of the Coast of Oaxaca has been poorly evaluated. The objective of the study was to evaluate the productive behavior in growing pigs with HGF as a supplement, with diets based on commercial feed and including HGCF. The research was conducted during the months of August to November 2017. Four treatments were evaluated [T1: control, T2: 85/15%; T3: 70/30% and T4: 55/45% of food trade and HGCF respectively], under a completely randomized design with four repetitions per treatment. 16 dewormed and vaccinated pigs were used, with an initial weight of 10.41 kg. Total feed consumption (TFC), feed conversion (FC), total weight gain (TWG), and cost-benefit ratio (CBR) were evaluated. The data obtained were analyzed by Proc. SAS GLM. The averages were compared with the Tukey test. Differences (p˂ 0.05) were found in the TFC, where the highest value was 110 kg. The highest TWG was 42.67 kg. As for CBR, the productive parameters are improved as the HGCF percentage increases (45%) In the diet of pigs. It is concluded that the inclusion of 30% of HGCF in the diet of growing pigs improves their productive behavior.

Resumen La importancia de realizar estudios sobre el uso del forraje verde hidropónico de maíz (FVHM) es porque, se ha evaluado poco el impacto productivo y económico en la alimentación de los cerdos en la región de la Costa de Oaxaca. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el comportamiento productivo en cerdos en crecimiento con FVH como suplemento, con dietas a base de alimento comercial y con inclusión de FVHM. La investigación se realizó durante los meses de agosto a noviembre de 2017. Se evaluaron cuatro tratamientos [T1: testigo, T2: 85/15%; T3: 70/30% y T4: 55-45% de alimento comercia y FVHM respectivamente], bajo un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento. Se utilizaron 16 cerdos desparasitados y vacunados, con peso inicial de 10.41 kg. Se evaluó consumo total de alimento (CTA), conversión alimenticia (CA), ganancia de peso total (GPT) y la relación costo-beneficio (RCB). Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante Proc. GLM de SAS. Las medias fueron comparadas con la prueba de Tukey. Se encontraron diferencias (p˂ 0.05) en el CTA, donde fue mayor a 110 kg. La GPT más alta fue de 42.67 kg. En cuanto a RCB se mejoran los parámetros productivos a medida que se incrementa el porcentaje FVHM (45%) en la dieta de los cerdos. Se concluye que con la inclusión de 30% de FVHM en la dieta de los cerdos en crecimiento se mejora su comportamiento productivo.

ABSTRACT An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of an herbal choline feed plant additive on the productive parameters and blood metabolites of finishing lambs. Forty male Hampshire × Suffolk lambs (initial body weight of 30.36±3.75 kg) were assigned according to a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of dietary inclusion of the herbal additive BioCholine at 0, 3, 6, and 9 g/kg dry matter for 56 days. A linear response for herbal choline dose was observed for daily gain, final body weight, feed conversion, blood glucose, and blood phosphatidylcholine as herbal choline level was increased in the diet. Total protein, globulins, and low-density lipoproteins showed a quadratic effect, and there were no effects on intake, Longissimus dorsi area, back fat, blood cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, or albumins. The inclusion of the herbal choline feed plant additive improved daily gain and feed efficiency of finishing lambs. The choline feed plant additive is a source that can be used to meet choline requirements in small ruminants, as demonstrated by blood phosphatidylcholine and lamb performance.

Abstract: Diarrhea in livestock species is controlled with antibiotics, but its inadequate use causes bacterial resistance. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the intestinal microbiota have competitive exclusion against pathogens causing diarrhea, and inulin is a substrate for LAB. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prebiotic effect of two inulin sources on in vitro growth of Lactobacillus salivarius (Ls) and Enterococcus faecium (Ef), with the use of Lactobacillus casei (Lc) as a positive control. In vitro incubations were performed at 37 °C, with glucose substitution by inulin of chicory (IAc) or agave (IAg) in MRS medium. The treatments (T) evaluated were T1: MRS-glucose+Lc; T2: MRS-IAc+Ls, T4: MRS-IAc+Ef, T5: MRS-IAg+Lc, T6: MRS-IAg+Ls and T7: MRS-IAg+Ef. The curve and the growth rate were determined by optical density (630 nm) at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 30, 36, 48, 54 and 60 h. A completely randomized design was used and the Tukey test for means comparison. MRS-IAg treatments showed higher (P<0.05) growth rates (0.51a, 0.50a and 0.50a h-1, T5, T6 and T7, respectively) and were similar to the positive control (T2) when grown in MRS- IAc (0.48a h-1). The positive control (T1) had a low growth rate (0.34b h-1) when the medium included glucose (MRS-glucose). pH during growth was different between treatments (P<0.05). Agave inulin favors the growth of probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus salivarius and Enterococcus faecium, and its prebiotic effect is better than chicory inulin.

Resumen: Las diarreas en especies pecuarias son controladas con antibióticos, pero su uso inadecuado causa problemas de resistencia bacteriana. Las bacterias ácido lácticas (BAL) en la microbiota intestinal ejercen exclusión competitiva contra patógenos causantes de diarreas, y la inulina es un sustrato para las BAL. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto prebiótico de dos fuentes de inulina en el crecimiento in vitro de Lactobacillus salivarius (Ls) y Enterococcus faecium (Ef), con el uso de Lactobacillus casei (Lc) como control positivo. Las incubaciones in vitro se realizaron a 37 °C, con sustitución de glucosa por inulina de achicoria (IAc) o de agave (IAg) en el medio MRS. Los tratamientos (T) evaluados fueron T1: MRS-glucosa+Lc; T2: MRS-IAc+Lc, T3: MRS-IAc+Ls, T4: MRS-IAc+Ef, T5: MRS-IAg+Lc, T6: MRS-IAg+Ls y T7: MRS-IAg+Ef. La curva y la tasa de crecimiento se determinaron mediante densidad óptica (630 nm) a las 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 30, 36, 48, 54 y 60 h. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar, los datos se analizaron con PROC GLM (SAS) y la comparación de medias se realizó mediante la prueba de Tukey. Los tratamientos con MRS-IAg mostraron mayores (P<0.05) tasas de crecimiento (0.51a, 0.50a y 0.50a h-1, T5, T6 y T7, respectivamente) y resultaron similares al control positivo (T2) cuando creció en MRS-IAc (0.48a h-1). El pH durante el crecimiento fue diferente entre tratamientos (P<0.05). La inulina de agave favorece el crecimiento de bacterias probióticas como Lactobacillus salivarius y Enterococcus faecium, y su efecto prebiótico supera a la inulina de achicoria.